The radar scan used for this study is KOKX's lowest elevation angle of 0.5°, chosen because it will cover the most birds in the atmosphere. Due to the curvature of the Earth and the radar station's location, about 60 miles east of Manhattan, the 0.5° elevation scan passes above Manhattan at an altitude range of 0.7 to 2.4 km, with this range due to the ~1° width of the radar beam itself (Van Doren, 2017; NOAA Radar Operations Center, 2017). Fall bird migration around New York has been found to occur in altitudes between about 0.25 and 1.7 km, so the 0.5° scan angle, while overshooting, is the most encompassing of this migration range (La Sorte, 2015).